Chaturvedas
Ved signifies knowledge. Vedas are typically considered the earliest collection of Knowledge texts created by ancient Indians. Vedas are valuable stores of knowledge gathered and maintained by sages throughout ancient times. The Vedas were written in the Sanskrit language and are regarded as Sacred by the Indian people. Sage Vyasa divided the Vedas into four texts. For this reason, they are well-known as Chaturvedas. They include Rig Veda, Yajur Veda, Sama Veda, and Atharva Veda.
Vedic hymns are known as slokas and are categorized into Suktas. Every hymn is written in divine rhythms known as Chandas. Rig Veda is made up of 10580 slokas, which are organized into 1017 Suktas. The Rig Veda consists of 10 Mandalas (10 Books). The Atharvana Veda contains 5987 hymns organized into 73 Suktas. The Atharvana Veda is made up of 8 Kandas (books).
The Yajur Veda contains 40 Adhyayas and 1975 Mantras. Created in both hymns and verses.
Sama Veda primarily comprises Rig Vedic hymns but delivered in a melodic form.
It is important to note that Indians largely adhere to Customs and Traditions, often unaware that these practices are well established in the Vedas.
Corpus of Hindu Scriptures:
Hindu philosophy and thought are extensive and diverse. The primary Hindu texts of ancient India are considered to have been passed down from Sages to Sages through memorization using the technique of rote. As the time passed, these have been documented in writing.
Vedas consist of various components like Vedangas, Upanishads, Brahmanas, Aranyakas, Upa Vedas, Sutras, Smritis, and so forth. Srauta Sutras focus on Vedic rituals, while Gruhya Sutras address daily life Dharmas. Manu Smriti, Yajnavalkya Smriti, etc., represent Dharma Shastras.
Certain Upa Vedas include: Dhanurveda, Ayurveda, Gandharvaveda, Arthasastra.
The Vedas are divided into four categories. Rig, Yazur, Sama, and Atharva.
Rig Veda abounds in Riks / Hymns (Slokas) that honor the Hindu Gods.
Yazur Veda focuses on the specifics of Vedic ceremonies, primarily
Yajnas.
Sama Veda is merely the singing of Rig Veda to a melodic tune.
Atharva Veda includes remedies in the form of medicinal and magical spells fo alleviating human ailments.
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UpaVedas
Certain Upa Vedas include: Dhanurveda, Ayurveda, Gandharvaveda, Arthasastra.
Gandhrva Veda: This pertainsto the study of music, dance and drama.
Dhanur Veda: It is the study of archery.
Artha Sastra: It focuses on the study of material sciences,particularly in the areas of Politics, Economics, Engineering, and more.
Ayurveda: It focuses on the health and wellness of human beings. Numerous texts exist on Ayurveda.
Dhanvantari is a notable historical physician.
Charaka Samhita authored by Charaka and Sushruta Samhita written respectively by Charaka and Sushruta are significant Indian texts on Medicine and Surgery
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